TABLE 23 SSPS CRITICAL MATERIALS SUPPLY In addition, energy resource requirements for the SSPS will be minimal. Thus, the time required for one operational SSPS to pay back the energy expended during the construction phases, including raw materials, manufacturing processes, component assembly, space transportation, and ground support facilities has been estimated to be: Propellants 6 months Solar cells 3 months Ground support equipment 3 months Effects at the Receiving Antenna Site Local ecological and environmental effects at the receiving antenna site include (a) possible hazards to organisms in the receiving area due to the microwave energy received, and (b) the effects of added heat load due to microwave-to-dc conversion inefficiencies on: both the local fauna and flora (ecological effects) and the atmosphere (urban heat island effects). Microwave Biological Effects. — The consideration of possible biological effects of the received microwave power beam involves: • Limiting exposure of humans occupationally exposed to an acceptable level; • Limiting exposure of the general public in accessible regions around the receiving site to acceptable levels for which not only direct exposure effects on the body must be considered, but also any hazards or annoyance which the microwave radiation can cause through interference (e.g., with medical devices like the pacemaker or consumer or industrial devices for which microwave radiation can cause an electroexplosive hazard);
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