LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 1-1 Satellite Power Stations ............................................................................................................ 1 1-2 Receiving Antenna .................................................................................................................... 2 1-3 Solar Turbomachine Power Satellite Option............................................................................. 3 1-4 "Space Freighter" Lands............................................................................................................3 1-5 Orbital Construction Facility ...................................................................................................4 2-1 Electricity/Labor Cost Ratio ...................................................................................................7 2-2 Growth in U.S. Installed Capacity .......................................................................................... 7 2-3 U.S. Capacity Margin ................................................................................................................8 2-4 Annual Additions to Installed Capacity ..................................................................................9 3-1 Solar Thermionic Direct Radiation Cooled System.............................................................. 12 3-2 Solar Thermionic Liquid Cooled System................................................................................12 3-3 Solar Brayton Cycle System..................................................................................................... 12 3-4 Cascaded Solar Thermionic/Brayton Cycle System.............................................................. 12 3-5 Silicon Photovoltaic System............................................ 13 3-6 Gallium Arsenide Photovoltaic System.................................................................................... 13 3-7 Nuclear Thermionic System..................................................................................................... 13 3-8 Nuclear Brayton Cycle System................................................................................................. 13 4-1 Material Selection Approach ................................................................................................. 15 4-2 Material Technology Trend ..................................................................................................... 16 4-3 Faceted Concentrator .............................................................................................................. 16 4-4 Typical Reflective Facet ..........................................................................................................16 4-5 Variables in Solar Concentrator Analysis................................................................................16 4-6 Solar Concentrator Performance.............................................................................................17 4-7 Influences on Concentrator Efficiency.................................................................................... 17 4-8 Reflectivity Performance of Plastic Films................................................................................ 17 4-9 Compound Parabolic Concentrator........................................................................................ 18 4-10 Derivation of Ideal Beam Dimensions .................................................................................... 19 4-11 Typical Power Satellite Conducting Primary Structure.......................................................... 19 4-12 Cavity Solar Absorber.............................................................................................................. 19 4-13 Model for Concentrator/Absorber Optimization.................................................................. 20 4-14 Characteristics of Mass-Optimized Concentrator/Absorber Combinations ....................... 20 4-15 Thermionic Efficiency vs. Emitter Temperature .................................................................. 21 4-16 Molybdenum Work Function Plot ........................................................................................ 21 4-17 Thermionic Diode Characteristics............................................................................................ 22 4-18 Increase in Efficiency and Output Voltage with Plasma Drop.............................................22 4-19 Heat Rejection as a Function of Converter Efficiency..........................................................23 4-20 Thermal Conductivity Data..................................................................................................... 24 4-21 SPS Thermionic Converter Design ........................................................................................ 24 4-22 Isometric Cutaway of SPS Thermionic Converter...................................................................24 4-23 Multi-Foil Thermal Insulation .................................................................................................25 4-24 Thermal Conductivity Comparison ........................................................................................ 26 4-25 Multi-Foil Thermal Insulation Temperature Profile.............................................................. 26 4-26 Electrical Resistivity of Metals................................................................................................. 27 4-27 SPS Electrical Panel.................................................................................................................. 27 4-28 Solar Cell Performance Predictions ........................................................................................ 30 4-29 Fundamental Limitations May Enforce Performance Plateau .............................................30 4-30 Silicon Cell Radiation Resistance.............................................................................................31 4-31 Solar Array Buy Size Influences Costs.................................................................................... 31 4-32 Closed Brayton Cycle Schematic.............................................................................................32 4-33 Cycle Static Diagram ..............................................................................................................33
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