Appendix I. Glossary action spectrum: a graph of the magnitude of a reaction or a response plotted as a function of wavelength of light. anthocyanin: a soluble, reddish-blue pigment in plants. carotenes: red or orange colored pigments found in carrots and certain other vegetables. carbon fixation: the incorporation of carbon dioxide into other organic compounds. Photosynthesis the most common form of carbon dioxide. chlorophyll: the green pigment found in the chloroplasts of plant cells; occurs in two forms (chlorophylls a and b) and is involved in photosynthesis. chloroplast: a membrane-bound, chlorophyll-containing organelle in plant cells that is the site of photosynthesis. chromoprotein: a conjugated protein containing a pigment. circadian rhythm: behavioral or physiological rhythm associated with the 24-hour cycles of earth's rotation. cones: flask-shaped cells in the retina of the vertebrate eye that are sensitive to bright light and color; concerned with perception of color and discrimination of detail. cotyledon: a leaf-like structure of the embryo of a seed plant; contains stored food used during germination. diapause: a period of delayed development or growth accompanied by reduced metabolism and inactivity especially in certain insects and snails. etiolated: the pale or bleached appearance of a plant grown in the dark. gametophyte: the haploid (i.e., having one set of chromosomes) generation of the plant life cycle; the gametophyte produces the gametes. hypocotyl: the stem between the cotyledons and the root in seedlings like lettuce and bean. long-day plant: photoperiodic plant that flowers only when daylight exceeds a critical length. morphogenesis: changes in structure, form, or size of an organism or its cells or tissues, occurring during growth and development.
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