ship. In fact, radiative-conductive models have shown that the reduction of O3 in the upper troposphere and stratosphere produces a surface cooling effect because of a decrease of the O3 greenhouse contribution.76,77 Numerous other industrial gases can contribute to the greenhouse effect by absorbing terrestrial infrared radiation in the 8-15 Pm band. These include FC, nitrous oxide (N2O), methane (CH4), ammonia (NH3), nitric acid (NHO3), acetylene (C2H2), sulfur dioxide (SO2), methyl chloride (CH3C1), and water vapor.77 Increase of all of these gases will influence surface temperatures in the direction of warming. Table 2.10 summarizes the magnitude of the greenhouse effect arising from changes in concentrations of these species. It is apparent that H2O, O3, and CO2 will have the greatest impact on surface temperature. The impact of other individual species is small. However, the greenhouse effects for such weak absorbers are essentially additive, and the impact of all of these gases together may be significant. Table 2.10. Greenhouse Effect Arising From Increases in •Various Trace Atmospheric Constitutents
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