Climate and Energy Assessment of SPS and Alternatives

Cover	1
Title Page	3
Acknowledgments	5
Definitions of Unit Symbols	6
Table of Contents	7
Executive Summary	11
Abstract	17
1 Introduction	17
2 Anthropogenic Impacts on Climate	21
2.1 Waste Heat	21
2.1.1 Sources of Waste Heat	21
2.1.2 Global Impacts	24
2.1.3 Regional Impacts	26
2.1.4 Local Impacts	31
2.2 Atmospheric Particles	33
2.2.1 Sources and Sinks of Atmospheric Particles	33
2.2.2 Potential Climatic Response	36
2.3 Carbon Dioxide	37
2.3.1 Increase of Atmospheric	38
2.3.2 Global Carbon Budget	38
2.3.3 Projected Future CO2 Levels	43
2.3.4 Climatic Response to Increased CO2 Levels	44
2.3.5 Possible Mitigating Measures	47
2.4 Uncertainties Concerning Climatic Change	48
2.4.1 Feedback Mechanisms	48
2.4.2 Natural Climatic Fluctuations	49
2.4.3 Other Forcing Parameters	50
3 Energy Technology Impacts on Climate	53
3.1 Coal Technologies	53
3.1.1 Waste Heat Impacts	53
3.1.2 Impact of Particle Releases	54
3.1.3 CO2 Impacts	55
3.1.4 Other Impacts	57
3.2 Nuclear Technologies	57
3.2.1 Waste Heat Impacts	57
3.2.2 Other Impacts	58
3.3 Satellite Power System	58
3.3.1 Rectenna Waste Heat Effects	58
3.3.2 Microwave Transmission Impacts	59
3.3.3 Impact of Rocket Effluents	59
3.4 Photovoltaic Systems	61
3.4.1 Waste Heat Impacts	61
3.4.2 Secondary Impacts	62
3.5 Fusion Systems	62
3.6 Comparison of the Climatic Impacts of the 5 Technologies	63
4 Uncertainties and Conclusions	67
4.1 Uncertainties and Gaps in the Data	67
4.2 Conclusions	68
References	71
Back Cover (source of the document to SSI)	80

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTU5NjU0Mg==