b. Commercial Operations Commercial operations consists of operating and control of the power system as it supplies power to a power grid and maintenance operations required to keep the system within performance limits. Loss of total or partial power from the satellite would occur several times a year due to satellite routine maintenance, shadowing effect from the earth and from other SPS systems. When these outages are predictable and scheduled it should have a minimal effect on the utility systems integrity and operations since the timing of such outages would be during the low load periods. However, assuming a significant penetration of SPS power systems in the future, the generation reserve needed to maintain the utility service reliability would be expected to increase to cover the emergency shutdowns of the satellite. More detailed utility system studies are needed to predict the impact on reserve levels from emergency SPS power system outages.
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