3.2.4 Verification of the Extent of the Depleted F-Region of Section 3.2.2 Because of the large scale of F-region depletion envisioned, simulation experiments involving actual releases of combustion products are not feasible, but instead we must rely on physically-based, numerical computations to predict the morphology. Two-dimensional and small-scale, three-dimensional calculations can close a large part of the gap. Such calculations can be made quite accurate and can be verified by comparison with small-scale release experiments. However, in the final analysis we must rely on large-scale numerical simulation of the large-scale morphology. The model must include a good representation of the neutral atmosphere, including winds, tides, and possibly also waves. It must include self-consistent electric fields, plasmaspheric depletion, and plasma photochemistry and dynamics, including the effects of temperature variation. This type of model development is a major problem involving a relatively long lead-time (3-5 years) on account of the requirements for verification, which include: 1. "bench-marking" against smaller 2-D and 3-D calculations; 2. testing the model against ambient diurnal and seasonal ionospheric variations; and 3. inter-comparison of different models. 3.2.5 Possible Experimental Verification: Some Relevant Natural Phenomena (Carlson — prepared after the workshop) In assessing the impact of SPS injections on the thermosphere/ionosphere, one should consider the normal morphology of the region, both as a frame of reference and as a potential source of answers to some of the questions raised. Two examples are given:
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