4.4 Time Frames There are probably no hard and fast rules for the determination of potential time delays resulting from problems encountered in negotiating international agreements. It would seem, however, that benefits derived from such agreements play a major role in expediting the negotiating process. Problems which may create such delays usually present themselves in the form of some deprivation, actual or potential, which acts as a deterrent and must be counter-balanced by some benefit or a still greater deprivation (actual or potential) in order to serve as an inducement. Problems and topics of negotiation differ and so do benefits. Accordingly, the nature and type of benefits that can be offered in the negotiating process will ultimately be a major factor in determining the eventual time delays. On the basis of our analysis of the three assigned areas, it would appear that resolution of the problems in negotiating international agreements on geostationary orbit availability if pursued with a view to achieving a general consensus,, including the equatorial countries, is likely to cause the greatest potential time delay, whereas resolution of problems associated with microwave frequency allocation may result in less delay though this is hard to determine because of the competing uses involved and the orbit/spectrum interrelationship . International acceptance of microwave exposure standards may cause the least delay if technological developments permit the United States to accept the most stringent standards. In the absence
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