of such acceptance International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) and European Atomic Energy Community studies involving determination of acceptable levels of exposure to atomic radiation may possibly provide some general guidelines for time frame projection. Additionally, the experience of the World Health Organization (WHO) may be reviewed to determine its relevance, if any, in assisting with a reasonable estimate of the anticipated time required to obtain appropriate international agreement on SPS microwave exposure standards. In all three situations bilateral and multilateral forms of international cooperation in the SPS program through research agreements or otherwise would likely act as a beneficial influence in reducing potential or actual time delays. Insofar as a more precise projection of time is concerned, it appears that bilateral agreements may take the shortest time as evidenced by past international experience not just in atomic energy but solar energy, outer space and other fields as well. On the basis of a somewhat speculative projection, the conclusion of appropriate bilateral agreements or amendments to already existing agreements should not be expected to take more than 4 years at the most, whereas regional, half- or near-global arrangements not more than 7 years. The latter estimate may appear to be optimistic if compared to the time frame of negotiations relative to the seabed. However, international acceptance or participation in the SPS may not run into as many impediments as has the acceptance of an international regime for the seabed. The experience of International Maritime Satellite Organization (INMARSAT) and the IAEA, if comparable, suggest a time frame of about 4 to 7 years.
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