Table 3.1. Distribution of Exhaust Products in the Various Regions of the Atmosphere Table 3.2 shows the estimated perturbation ratio for water as a function of altitude. These estimates are based upon the emission estimates given previously in Table 3.1, water concentration measurements of Masterbrook, and coworkers (Refs. 3.31-3.33) as cited in NOAA et al. (Ref. 3.34), and the estimates of the residence time as a function of altitude also shown in Table 3.2. The values for the residence time are based upon consideration of vertical transport process only; the values up to 50 km are results of calculations presented by Oliver et al. (Ref. 3.35) using the Hunten 1974 vertical eddy diffusivity profile (Ref. 3.18, p. 19), and the values above 50 km have been adopted as a plausible but arbitrary extension of the results below 50 km. Examination of the table reveals that in the lower stratosphere the projected injection rate is small compared to the estimated turnover rate. At an altitude of about 35 km, the perturbation ratio is approximately 0.01. This indicates that the long term effect of a continuous injection
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