through materials and normal physical apertures (e.g., windows, skylights, unintentional gaps). This initial study identifies a rare likelihood of resources existing in the general classes of buildings and vehicles. General guidelines to minimize the probabilities of encouraging "hot spots" are included in the technical report for this task (Ref. 4.1.5). The indicated communications impact would involve broadcast, commercial, recreation, and security services. Density variation predictions that apply depletion of the F-layer and the vehicle launch frequency of possibly one per day over a several-month period to establish operating power stations could result in several reduced or nonexistent ionosphere channels for the middle and upper frequency operations in the high frequency (HF) spectral regions. 4.1.3. Cause and Effect Relationships Cause and effect relationships are shown graphically in Fig. 4.2. These indicate the atmospheric media effects on the SPS power and pilot beams, and the energy coupling to a number of electronic systems. Various atmospheric parametric interactions affect the power efficiency of the SPS system as well as contribute to the electromagnetic compatibility problem. These are: • Attenuation of the signal due to the atmosphere, • Attenuation and distortion because of atmospheric gases and stratification, • Attenuation and scatter due to precipitation, - rain, hail, etc., • Attenuation and scatter due to dust and other particulates, and • Wavefront distortions due to turbulence with or without accompanying stratification. These properties of the atmosphere vary with geographic location. Atmosphere media effects are of two general types; long term variations where a time scale of "hours" is observed, and short term "transients" such as angels (drifting atmosphere refractive index anomalies and turbulence) would exhibit. Particulate and precipitation scatter would also be included in the latter category.
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