Table 4.4. Atmosphere Anomaly - Turbulence Power Densities Site China Lake Airstrip Downtown Barstow Edwards AFB Airstrip Restricted Area R 2524 George AFB Airstrip Table 4.4 shows the predicted field intensity due to angel echoturbulence scatter. This is computed for a layer 3-km thick extending from the surface, as an estimate of extreme conditions. Isotropic scatter is assumed. Other atmospheric scattering and multipath mechanisms include: • Rain, • Melting hail, • Atmospheric layers (multipath), and • Atmospheric aerosols. In addition, energy will scattered by the terrain and by the rectenna itself. These latter two, however, will be primarily diffuse multipath, with little specular component at the angle of arrival (Ros = 49.2°) of the SPS energy. For this Mojave analysis, this component is not included. Diffuse reflection could not be neglected in higher conductivity and vegetated CONUS areas. Rain and hail would be serious problems if the rectenna were located someplace other than the California desert. Bakersfield, California, is used as representative of rainfall to be found in the SPS receiving site vicinity (although it is still a considerable distance away and somewhat lower in elevation). Bakersfield receives a rain rate of about 9.1 mm/hr on the average of about one hour per year, and at the extreme (one year out of 200) receives 17.3 mm/hr for one hour during a year. For about five minutes of an average year, Bakersfield incurs 19.3 mm/hr of rain rate, and incurs 47.2 mm/hr at the one-out-of-200 year extreme for five minutes of that year. Based on the work of Dutton (Ref. 4.1.11), the height of a storm that will produce the aforementioned rain rates at the earth’s surface can be predicted.
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