Chronic exposure to low levels of microwave radiation (<lmW/cm^) outside the rectenna exclusion zone. © Short term exposure to higher levels of microwave radiation, e.g., in transit through the main beam in aircraft. © Interaction with other biota of the ecosystem that are directly affected by the microwave radiation. The effects that may occur, their assumed impacts based on the existing state of knowledge, their qualitative probability and severity ratings, proposed future research and possible mitigation strategies are listed in Table 1.2. 1.6.2 Effects on the Health and Safety of the Terrestrial Worker The worker at the rectenna site will be exposed to both high and low levels of microwave radiation (^23 mW/cm^) during work periods. Exposures may be increased by a factor of 4 under the conditions of rectenna malfunction, e.g., mismatch of the terminal electrical load. Such increases in power density levels to ^100 mW/cm^ could induce pronounced thermal effects in an unprotected worker. The effects which may occur in the range 23-100 mW/cm^, their assumed impacts based on the existing state of knowledge, probability and severity ratings, proposed future research and possible mitigation strategies are listed in Table 1.3. 1.6.3 Effects on the Health and Safety of Space Workers Space workers will be exposed to both high and low levels of microwave radiation during a tour of duty in space. Since the worker will be in close proximity to the transmitting array it is possible that exposure in near field at a power density near 3500 mW/cm^ could occur. Diffraction of the fields at the edges of the transmitting array or the reflection of waves from local boundaries may also cause exposure of workers to fields in excess of ANSI* and guideline recommended limits listed in Table 1.1. Certain modes of failure in the microwave transmission systems, e.g., leakage from cracked waveguides, could cause locally unacceptable increases in power density. The effects which might occur in space, their assumed impacts based on the existing state of knowledge, their probability and severity ratings, American National Standards Institute, Standard C.95.4.
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