Table 2.1. State of Knowledge of SPS Effects Exclusive of Microwave Effects Group Effects Activities Involved State of Knowledge References Public Land Disturbance Effects Loss of Land Reduced property value Mining, Construction • Effects of mining, land reclamation potential under intensive study. 2. 8.29 Air Pollution Health Effects Respiratory disease Cardiovascular impairment Skin/eye irritation Mining, Construction, Manufacturing, Transport, Launch • Health effects of selected air pollutants well-documented from epidemiological and other studies. National standards established. 2.8.30 • Emission rates of selected pollutants well-documented. 2.8.37 • Atmospheric reactions and transport not completely understood. 2.8.38 • Launch exhaust emissions and ground cloud dispersion not completely understood. Recommended limits available. 2.8.39 Water Pollution Health Effects Intestinal disease Skin irritation Other ingestion effects Mining, Construction, Manufacturing, Transport, Launch, Recovery • Health effects of many water pollutants well documented. 2.8.40 0 Leaching into ground waters not clearly understood. e Effluents from manufacturing processes are known. 0 Water pollutants from transport, launch, recovery not completely known; estimated from other space program activities (i.e., shuttle). 2. 8.9 Noise Stress - psychological and physiological Launch, Recovery 0 Effects are known for both acoustic noise and sonic boom. Recommended standards are available. 2.8.42 Safety Hazards Accidental injury/ fatality Transport, Launch, Recovery 0 Conventional transport accident rates known. 2.8.41 0 Accident occurrence and extent of impact estimated for other space program activities (i.e., shuttle) but not for SPS. 2.8.9 Solid Waste Generation Effects Sanitation problems Mining, Manufacturing 0 Extensive data available. Toxic Materials Exposure Mining, Manufacturing, Transport, Launch, Recovery 0 Toxic materials involved in SPS not identified. 0 Some materials have well- documented health effects, others have little or none. High Intensity Electromagnetic Field Exposure Ground Station Operation 0 Effects unknown.
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