detail over the years reasonably good predictions of effects can be made, given the expected dosages. For these predictions limits can be put on length of stay in space. However, the biological effects of high-energy heavy ions (HZE) are largely unknown. Research, much of it funded by NASA, is just getting under way. Much more needs to be done in order to assess the hazards with more certainty. 2 . 7. 4 Ecological Effects Construction and nonmicrowave operational aspects of SPS have the potential to impact large areas of natural and man-altered ecosystems. The responses of ecosystems to various types of physical disturbances are much better known than response to microwaves. For this reason, there is probably no need for a large, experimental ecological research program, for nonmicrowave effects. However, a preliminary, nonexperimental research program should be initiated. Ecological impacts may vary with the specific construction techniques used, and even those methods that have minimal impact in one ecosystem might have a severe adverse impact when used in different ecosystem. It is possible that limited experimental research might be required to answer some critical nonmicrowave questions. A preliminary nonexperimental research program will determine if such questions exist, and establish priorities if they do. 2 .8 REFERENCE DOCUMENTS 2.8.1 Solar Power Satellite Baseline Review, Marshall Space Flight Center/ Johnson Space Center, presented at NASA Headquarters, Washington, D.C. (July 13, 1978). 2.8.2 Livingston, F.R. Satellite Power System Environmental Impacts Assessment, paper presented to Los Angeles Area Energy Symposium, Vol. 4 (1978). 2.8.3 Stein, I. Satellite Power System Impacts and Benefits Preliminary Study: Summary Report, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. (December 15, 1977). 2.8.4 Statistical Abstract of the United States, 1977, U.S. Dept, of Commerce, Bureau of the Census, Washington, D.C. (1977). 2.8.5 Poon, P.T. , L.R. Baker, and T. Kuo, Preliminary Examination of Satellite Power System Occupational Health Impacts, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif. (June 30, 1978).
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