In general, the better-defined technologies (e.g., CG/CC, LWR) have a greater number of quantifiable risks and fewer unquant ifiable risks. The opposite is true for the less-defined technologies (e.g., fusion, SPS). Table 4.24 does not attempt to rank the unquantified issues, although, for example, potential radiation release from fission is expected to be greater than that from fusion.108 Cumulative Risks From National Energy Scenarios. A further perspective on the significance of relative technology risks is provided by Fig. 4.32, which indicates the range of annual occupational risks for scenarios of energy production in 2000-2020 with and without the SPS system. A nearly constant total electrical energy generation is assumed in this period for the scenarios (Table 4.25). The SPS units were assumed to operate at the design load factor of 90%. However, because of the large SPS unit size (5000 MW), it is assumed that because of reliability requirements, the overall capacity, including conventional technologies, is the same for the SPS scenario as for the non-SPS scenario in which the overall load factor was assumed to be 70%. In the SPS scenario, the non-SPS technologies serve in part as back-up for the SPS and operate at less than 70% load factor. Because of high construction and manufacturing impacts, the SPS scenario has a higher initial value for the mean occupational health and safety risks. By 2020, in this scenario, these occupational risks have dropped to nearly the same values as those for the non-SPS scenario. Fig. 4.32 Annual Occupational Fatalities from Construction and O&M in Baseload Scenarios with and without SPS
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