A concept of an SPS ground system that accommodates the foregoing requirements is shown in Figure 8-1. Requirements for energy storage have not been confirmed (dashed lines) and were not included in the SPS studies. The SPS concepts studied were based on an output power requirement between 5 and 10 GW from the rectenna/power grid and the efficiency chain given in Figure 7-1. As indicated by the last dashed block of the chain, an additional loss of 8 percent would be incurred if subsequent ground systems were included. Conclusions can be summarized as follows: 1. A separate, essentially self-sufficient SPS ground system will be required for each SPS deployed. 2. A major part of this system will be centralized at the SPS receiving site. The conclusions were based on the observations that: • Studies indicate a separate rectenna will be required for each SPS micro wave/antenna system. • Most of the monitoring, control, and operational requirements are inherently related to a given SPS and its corresponding rectenna and ground subsystems. These must be closely coordinated and dedicated to the given system. • The location, size, and capacity of the SPS receiving site will be primarily determined by microwave/rectenna requirements. Thus, the control center and other ground subsystems should be located at the SPS receiving site to enhance simplicity, performance, and operational convenience of the system and reliability of the controls. The system, however, must provide and be responsive to external interfaces as depicted in Figure 8-1. Considering the rectenna described later and other requirements, it appears that a receiving site would occupy an area of approximately 120 km2. 8.2 RECEIVING ANTENNA SYSTEM 8. 2. 1 SUPPORT STRUCTURE No explicit analysis has been made for the rectenna supporting structure; however, some preliminary observations are apparent as follows:
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