1.2.15.4 Space Environment The understanding of the space environment is as well important for the space workers as for the satellite system itself. Again the construction location site is a starting point for the determination of the magnitude of the environmental effects. A summary of the effects is listed here: A. Natural Environmental Effects in Spacg£ - Biological effects of radiation on the crew - Effects of radiation on the satellite - Satellite charging by magnetospheric plasma - High-voltage/plasma interactions - Meteoroid impacts on the crew and the satellite - Long duration weightlessness effects on the crew B. Artificial Environmental Effects inSpace - Effects on the crew and the equipment by scattered, reflected or parasitic microwave radiation - Effects on the crew and the satellite by space debris. 1.2.16 Resource Problems (References: 76/3,77/17,77/18,78/11,78/37,78/59.) 1.2.16.1 General This category implies all required materials, energy and land to erect and operate a SPS-system. 1.2.16.2 Critical Materials Very different results and approaches were reported in the literature because of different SPS-concepts. So only the SPS- reference concepts make sense to be referred here. For both the silicon and the GaAlAs systems, most of the required materials are not expected as an apparent problem in availability and in production capacity. These materials are: Argon, Cement, Ceramics, Coal, Copper, Methane, Molybdenum, Silver (with the GaAlAs option only), Stainless and structural Steel and Titanium. A high demand but no apparent problem in expansion is stated for Bauxite, Oxygen (silicon option) and metallurgical silicon. Arsenic and Gallium (only for the silicon option) might become a problem in availability but the present data is insufficient to determine the severity of the problem. A real potential problem could exist with Mercury, Tungsten and Silver (GaAlAs option). The only definite problem exists with the availability of large amounts of Gallium for the GaAlAs option.
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