Just very preliminary long term milestones have been identified yet regarding the very early evaluation and study phase. But some reasonable items on way to SPS commercialisation are to be seen principally anywise: - 1982 Key Ground Demonstrations Complete - 1982-84 Power Module in Space (25 kW and more) - 1987-90 Pilot Power Plant (2-10 MW) & HLLV Prototype - 1997-98 SPS Demonstrator in Operation (Initial Commercial Unit, 1-2 GW) - 2000 First Commerical SPS Unit (5 GW) Figure 2.17.2 presents a rough correlation between these milestones and the present idea of development phasing. 1.2.17.4 Logistics Planning The recent DOE/NASA SPS Reference System Report (Jan.79) 78/55 presents a first attempt for integrated operations management planning to coordinate the various construction and commercial operations, which have to be controlled simultaneously. This plan is correlated with the operations features of the previous presented DOE/NASA Reference Concept. Figure 2.17.3 shows the various operational functions to be controlled, whereas figure 2.17.4 points out the structural concept of the operations management. 1.2.17.5 Key Areas of Technology Advancement Analyses so far confirm technical feasibility of SPS and no need for technological breakthroughs. Nevertheless several wide spread technological advancements are to perform during the long term research and development phases to assure either reasonable technical sizing or economical feasibility of commercial SPS operations. Some main key advancement needs are identified by following items: - Power Conversion in Space (Reducing Present $ 1000/kW to $ 2/kW in 1995) - Power Distribution in Space (Increasing Present 50 Volts to 50 000 Volts in 1995) - Power Conditioning in Space (Increasing Present 1000 W/kg to 25000 W/kg in 1995) - Energy Storage in Space (Increasing Present 20 Wh/kg to 200 Wh/kg in 1995) - Operating Collector Sizes in Space (Increasing Present some 100 m^ to some 10' m^ in 1995) - Space Transportation (Increasing Present 30 tons to LEO at £ 1000/kg to 400 tons to LEO at 3 25/kg or 150 tons to GEO at $ 100/kg in 1995) - Power Transmission from Space (Provide MPTS Efficiency above 63 % and Safe Transmission of 5 GW in 1995)
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