frequencies be allocated to specific users. The ITU has been charged with this function, and the allocation and registration of frequencies have been accomplished in a competent manner. The ITU has no enforcement powers other than seeking cooperation by States in their own best interests. This has minimized harmful interferences. This appeal to self-interest in the long run is one of the more effective ways--short of large-scale violence--for an international agreement to be implemented. Not having to pay damages is based on self-interest. The ITU has the legal authority to allocate microwave frequencies, although the initial assignment can be made by States. This means that the State possesses the legal authority to use a frequency and, potentially, such use could result in conflict with another State. However, the powerful influence of national self-interest serves to obtain conformity with the allocations. The ITU has associated frequency allocations with orbital slot allocations. At the present time the ITU has no power respecting the allocation of orbital slots, although in the past several States have suggested that the ITU might be given such new powers. However, the ITU in Article 33, paragraph 2, of the 1973 Convention must take account of the fact that States "in using frequency bands for space radio services . . . shall bear in mind that radio frequencies and the geostationary satellite orbit are limited natural resources. . . ." This Article also takes note of the fact that using States shall have radio frequencies and orbital slots at their disposition '’according to their needs and the technical facilities at their disposal." Fourth, although international legal standards do not exist on the amount of non-ionizing radiation that may be received by plants, animals,
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