SPS International Agreements - Detailed

Both short range and longer range, it will be necessary to reassess the meaning of the terms of the 1967 Principles Treaty and its general viability. In addition to those legal problems that have already been mentioned, it will be necessary to establish more clearly than at present the respective rights of juridical persons, other than States and international intergovernmental organizations, to make use of and engage in activities in the space environment. They, as well as States and such organizations, may feel compelled to capture and transmit solar energy from geostationary orbital level to Earth. Either as private business entities operating wholly within a given nation-State, and thus subject to its domestic laws, or as private business consortia operating from several nation-States, and thus subject to a multiplicity of national laws, they may have certain legal rights in the space environment. Although it might be assumed that their financial resources were inadequate to carry out SPS operations, the legal question still remains as to their rights under the Principles Treaty. Or, they might act in a supportive role for a governmentally organized and owned SPS. The domestic legal ramifications of such a relationship are worthy of inquiry. A further inquiry based on the Principles Treaty is also in order. Article 4, paragraph 2, limits the requirement of exclusively peaceful uses to the Moon and other celestial bodies. There are several interpretations as to whether the language of the Article can be so severely limited as to exclude the peaceful uses requirement from outer space, per se. Without endeavoring to resolve this issue at this time it should be mentioned that this is a subject worthy of further inquiry. It has particular relevance to general security considerations relating to the

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