frequency assignments for space radiocommunication services and their use, such registration not to constitute an obstacle to the establishment of space systems by other States, and registration of frequency assignments for space radiocommunication services by one country should allow for sharing in a practical way with new space systems of other countries who wished to engage in such a sharing. The Conference also was guided by the terms of Paragraph 428A of the 1971 Radio Regulations dealing with "spillover" of broadcasts into a member State other than the country . ,. . . . of dissemination. A technically complex and critically important problem that was finally overcome at the Conference related to the avoidance of interference between regions. Necessitated was a sharing between regions of given frequencies. Protection was required for Region 2, where the planned fixed service will operate with low power flux densities, from interference by broadcasting satellites serving Regions 1 and 3. In its 17th Report to COPLIOS the ITU indicated: The problem was especially critical for satellites situated on the orbital axis above the Atlantic, since broadcasting-satellites are situated further to the west than the region to be served (owing to lack of illumination of solar cells during equinoctial eclipses) and in the case of the Atlantic can cause problems in the Americas, particularly Brazil. After a long discussion, it was decided that Regions 1 and 3 should use the orbital positions between 37°W and 146°E. In addition, supplementary attention was provided for the transmitting antenna Ibid., pp. 5-6. Paragraph 428A provides that "in devising the characteristics of a space station in the Broadcasting-Satellite Service, all technical means available shall be used to reduce, to the maximum extent practicable, the radiation over the territory of other countries unless an aareement has been previously reached with such countries." 23 UST 1527, 1648, TIAS 7435.
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