VII. INTEGRATED OPERATIONS A. Systems Requirements Analysis The capability to manufacture and construct large solar power stations in space will require a new dimension in space operations where innovative and advanced concepts can produce gains measured in orders of magnitude rather than percentages. The physical requirements for Solar Power Satellites (SPS) call for large microwave transmission antennas on the order of 1 km in diameter and large surfaces on the order of 100 to 2 200 km . Because of these physical requirements, the location for the manufacture and construction of the SPS will be expanded to include both low-Earth orbital and geosynchronous orbital locations as well as ground-based factory and plant activities. Therefore, space operations will be greatly influenced by the manufacturing and construction concept selected, which in turn will determine requirements for construction time, space equipment, transportation system, ground support system, and personnel and material resources. The basic elements needed to define and develop an integrated operations and mission management concept for the manufacture, construction, quality control* checkout, operation, and maintenance of a large number of SPS's are: the Solar Power Satellites operating at geosynchronous Earth orbit (GEO); Operational Bases in GEO and low-Earth orbit (LEO), consisting of construction, manufacturing, maintenance, and logistics facilities; a Space Transportation System to transport material, equipment, and personnel between Earth and the operational bases in LEO and GEO; and a Ground Support System consisting of the Communications and Data Network facilities, Launch and Recovery operation facilities, Program Headquarters Mission Control facilities, industrial and warehouse facilities, the ground transportation systems, and the SPS ground receiving stations and operations control facilities; and the materials, equipment, supplies, and personnel resources. A number of these elements are discussed in detail in other sections of this report. A very general SPS operations scenario is shown in figure VII-1 to describe the mission sequence and basic elements of the SPS production and operation system. B. Program Model To develop an estimate of the overall program requirements for the creation of a Solar Power Satellite System, this study has assumed an SPS implementation rate that calls for the construction of 112 SPS units (scenario B, sec. Ill) producing 10 GW power each at the ground over a 30-year time frame from 1995 to 2025. Three alternative construction and assembly concepts, involving two configurations, were evaluated during the study to identify program requirements. These three alternatives are defined as follows. Concept 1: The "COLUMN/CABLE" SPS configuration constructed and assembled primarily in GEO. Chemical COTV transportation from LEO to GEO.
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