3) Synchronous orbit represents a favorable operational environment for the SSPS because zero gravity conditions and the absence of wind and rain and other natural environmental effects permit the deployment of large-area structures with minimal weight. Hence there is a marked reduction in the materials used per unit of delivered power. In addition, the space vacuum permits the operation of microwave generators and other components without the evacuated enclosures required on Earth. Moreover, because the SSPS in synchronous orbit is stationary with respect to a desired location on Earth, the microwave beam can be directed to most receiving antenna sites in the vicinity of major power users. These sites can be established on low-value land or offshore. Furthermore, because the receiving antenna is transparent to solar radiation and permits rain to reach the land below it, opportunities for multiple land use are provided. 4) The environmental effects of the SSPS and the associated space transportation system are projected to be within acceptable limits. First, all waste heat associated with solar energy conversion and microwave generation can be rejected to space. Second, no waste products are generated. Finally, the microwave beam densities can be designed to meet international standards.
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