Could you give us a brief idea of how that facility would function? Dr. Glaser. Yes. The present Space Shuttle, or a second generation Shuttle, would always have the problem that there is a limit in terms of the volume of devices that we can transport to orbit, for example, prefabricated girders or other structures must be packaged into the payload bay. We would not utilize the full capacity to lift payloads into orbit. There is an advantage to design structural approaches which utilize, for example, rolled stock, which would then be transported to an assembly facility in orbit to produce there the girders and various structural components, and thus make full use of the lifting capability of the space transportation system. Senator Goldwater. I had in mind, for example, that we Can make perfect crystals in space while we can't make them perfect on Earth because oil gravity. Dr. Glaser. Well, the size of the solar cell is really a function of the specific design, but there is some advantage in having as good a single crystal as we possibly can make. We are now, at Arthur D. Little, Inc., working on approaches which would be used, for example, in space stations to tell us how we can grow better single crystals in space. It may well be that we would decide to bring up the raw material in the form of polycrystal and silicon, produced on Earth, and then produce the solar cells in a space manufacturing facility. Senator Goldwater. I know it has no direct relationship to your testimony, but this type of perfect crystal can be used for the conversion of power, can't it? Dr. Glaser. That is correct. Senator Goldwater. And if we applied the crystal concept to subtemperature, lower temperature transmission, we could even today deliver to New York City, for example, all the power they would need in about a 1-inch line, is that correct? Dr Glaser. Well, the particular technology you are referring to is the ability to conduct large amounts of power by cryogenically cooled cables. We may be using the cryogenically cooled concept in order to convey large amounts of power effectively from one place to the next. But it is the microwave beam which would be formed in the satellite which would deliver the power from space to the consumer on Earth. Senator Goldwater. And after it had been reconverted on Earth, you would still have the normal transmission problems which we would hope would not be in the form of the antiquated towers but underground low-temperature transmission? Dr. Glaser. Indeed. We will have the option of placing the receiving antenna as close as possible to the consumer as we would desire. Thus we do not have to have very long transmission lines. Senator Goldwater. That gets me to another question. How much power does a city like New York use? Dr. Glaser. I believe that its baseload power use is around 7,000 MW. One satellite delivering baseload power conceivably could take care of New York City's requirements in the future. Senator Goldwater. Well, then it would be right in saying that a satellite could be used for each large city in the world? Dr. Glaser. That is correct; yes. Senator Goldwater. It is kind of hard to crowd in the space of 22,000 miles.
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