FIELD MAXIMA INSIDE HABITABLE STRUCTURES EXPOSED TO 2.45 GHz PLANE WAVE RADIATION Hans J. Liebe* This report discusses microwave engineering data relevant to assess the potential of the Satellite Power System (SPS) to cause microwave field enhancements (so- called "hot spots") inside habitable structures (house, trailer, car, etc.) located in the fringe area of the receiving rectenna. Mitigative measures are included in the discussion. 1. INTRODUCTION In feasibility studies of the SPS microwave energy beaming concept, the question was raised whether local free space field strength maxima (hot spots) inside habitable structures located in the fringe area of the receiving rectenna can exceed the uniform power density of the incident free space plane wave radiation. The answer lies in the quantitative assessment of penetration, storage, and dissipation of field energy into and within the space surrounded by a lossy dielectric (e.g., house), metallic (e.g., vehicle, airplane), or composite dielectric-metallic (e.g., trailer) shell. The many parameters of the problem (electromagnetic properties of building material, furnishings, biota; geometric shapes, openings, and dimensions; outside and inside obstructions; etc.) make it virtually impossible to predict the internal field distribution with certainty by analytical means. As in many complicated problems, attempts are made to simplify the analysis by considering subproblems which can be treated independently. The final answer is then looked upon as a combination of such solutions. The following sub-areas (including some key words for variables and/or effects) are considered: 1. Incident Radiation (power density distribution, obstruction loss, polarization, and elevation angle dependences). 2. Interaction with the Exterior (reflection, diffraction, scattering, and absorption effects by the outer shell of the structure). 3. Penetration of SPS Field Energy into the Interior (three coupling mechanisms: direct, aperture, diffuse). *The author is with the U.S. Department of Commerce, National Telecommunications and Information Administration, Institute for Telecommunication Sciences, Boulder, Colorado 80303.
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