The solar insolation components, on a horizontal Martian surface, are related by: The diffuse insolation of the Martian atmosphere may be a result of a different mechanism than that for the Earth atmosphere, nevertheless, to a first approximation, we will apply Equation (8) as for Earth-terrestrial calculations. The beam insolations Gb (Equation 1) and Gbh are related by: where: S is the solar constant at the mean Sun-Earth distance of 1 AU, i.e. S= 1371 W/m2; r is the instantaneous Sun-Mars distance (heliocentric distance) given by [6]:
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