Conclusion Future SPS components may be launched by very long electric accelerators, as described by K.E. Tsiolkovsky (Fig. 1 LUS). But the electric gun lengths will be limited to 1-10 km. The necessary pressure on the rear wall of the projectile will be c. 10-100 MPa. Thus an accelerator that uses anomalous plasma pressure may be a better solution for this direct launch problem. It should not be forgotten that, besides the accelerator itself, a number of other - and not less difficult - problems need to be solved, such as the energy accumulator, the shape of a projectile that allows it to pass through the atmosphere, the atmospheric pollution caused by many launches into geosynchronous orbit, etc. But if electric launcher technology is developed, the power of only one large- scale power station (such as the Krasnoyarsk station in Siberia), will make it possible to launch into space, every five minutes, 10 tons of material, and in 10 years to deliver sufficient material to build 100 SPS’s in orbit. REFERENCES [1] Tsiolkovsky K.E., (1967) "The projectiles, acquiring Cosmic Velocities on Earth and Water" (first edition 1933). In the book: K.E. Tsiolkovsky, Issledovanie Mirovih Prostranstov Reactivnimi Priborami, Moscow, pp. 350-358. [2] Hawke R.S., BruksA.L., Fowler C.M. and Peterson D.R., (1982) "Electromagnetic Railgun Launchers: Direct Launch Feasibility," AIAA Journal, v. 20, No. 7, pp. 978-985. [3] OSADIN B.A. (1981) "Anomalous Plasma Pressure, XV-lh International Conference on Phenomena in ionized gases," Minsk (USSR). July, poster session, P-1523 in program. [4] OSADIN B.A., (1965) "On Energy Transformation in the High Current Vacuum Discharge," Zhurnal Tehnicheskoi Fisiki, XXXV, pp. 1230-1235, (Sov. J. of Technical Physics). [5] OSADIN B.A., "On Plasmoids Formation in the Impulse Plasma Accelerators,” Zhurnal Technicheskoi Fisiki, XXXV, pp. 1327-1329, (Sov. J. of Tech. Physics). [6] Grigoriev V.N., (1965) "On Plasmoid Structure in the Electrodynamic Accelerator," Zhurnal Prikladnoi Mekhaniki i tekhnicheskoi Fisiki, No. 2, pp. 35-40 (Sov. J. of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics). [7] Osadin B.A., Avatenian G.A., Ivanov G.V. and Stechkin V.I., (1980) "Experimental Evidence of the Non-electrodynamic Character of Erosion Plasma Acceleration in the Impulse Plasma Accelerator," Teplofisika Visokikh Temperatur, v. 18, pp. 1106-07 (Sov. J. of High Temperature Physics).
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