• large solar centers (in Sahara, Middle Asia, etc.) or rectennas from solar power satellites or the Lunar power system for production of electricity and synthetic fuels (for example, hydrogen); • large tidal power plants (for example, the Penzhinsk station) used for production of electricity, hydrogen, etc. Such centers will have a powerful transport infrastructure and will be an interconnecting link between regional single product energy systems of different kinds. Apart from large energy centers (and transport ties) WES may include: • large installations (plants, complexes) for conversion of one form of fuel and energy to another (for example, for hydrogen production by water electrolysis or for using hydrogen or methane for electricity generation); • large-scale energy storage systems for leveling the daily, seasonal and yearly energy consumption (underground gas storage, large water reservoirs of hydro power plants, hydrogen storage, warehouses for the fuel elements for nuclear power plants) that should be used for regulating the energy consumption in WES as a whole; for example, underground gas storage can regulate both the gas consumption and electricity production (by gas-fired power plants). These WES elements not indicated in Figure 1, together with energy centers create a technological unity (interdependence) of the processes of WES operation and necessity of coordinated WES development management and operational control. Creation of WES can provide new opportunities for mankind in the solution of global problems: a) more economic, reliable and sustainable energy and fuel supply; b) easier solution of global environmental problems caused by energy systems including the CO2 problem; c) improvement of the energy supply in the developing countries, particularly by environmentally clean energy carriers (electricity, natural gas, hydrogen); d) involvement of the presently unused energy resources especially in the developing countries; e) realization of considerable effect from the combination of seasonal (yearly) and daily (weekly) consumption curves in regions of different latitude and longitude; this is most important for the use of renewables with the uneven output; f) improvement of the territorial location of energy plants;
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