Applications for Power Systems Each type of power system has certain applications. These applications are presented in Fig. 1 on the coordinates "output electric power" - "operation time". Notations adopted in Figure 1: CPS - power systems with the open cycle on chemical fuel; CSC - chemical sources of current (accumulators); ECG - electric - chemical generators; NFS - nuclear power systems; SPS - solar power systems; RIPS - radioactive isotope power systems. This figure shows that for the electric supply system operation time of more than 10 days, power plants employing closed heat cycles such as solar, nuclear and radioisotope sources of energy should be used. The solar energy plants, being very attractive ecologically, have some shortcomings: • accumulators (chemical or heat) for supplying consumers on the eclipse parts of trajectory are required; • large panel areas of photovoltaic arrays (PVs) and concentrators are required; • high accuracy of tracking the Sun (1 to 4 degrees) is necessary; • degradation of PVs characteristics, due to radiation damage; • large surface of solar panels can cause higher aerodynamic resistance and low dynamic characteristics (especially for big power plants).
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