There is also the possibility of swapping environmental controls and restoration projects for either an equity position or energy. One method might be for a nation to secure low cost money from a development bank in exchange for the protection of environmentally sensitive areas under the condition that the money is invested fully in the development of environmentally benign energy systems. Conditions for Implementation Energy is a key, but both energy and efforts focused on rural development need a structure or guiding philosophy. One such construct could be energy centers or farms modeled on the Technopolis concept with a conscious effort to facilitate the implementation of the self-start economic initiatives described in the Other Path by the Peruvian economist, de Soto. The attributes needed for market penetration by energy from space are similar to those for terrestrial photovoltaics. In fact the two options, energy from space and terrestrial solar electric, complement each other and can use some of the infrastructure components. As noted above rural electrification is a market in desperate need of energy. It is also a market free of special interests trying to maintain a monopoly or protect a vested interest. Once the concept is proved successful it will be fairly easy to work with the established utilities in the developing countries and gradually link the remote nodes together. Energy from space, initially in small units of power, offers countries the means to achieve a balanced, robust energy system composed of central and distributed generating facilities. This requires a modular approach to building the power satellites and multiplexing the power as you spiral out to final orbit, which may be geosynchronous, sun synchronous, or something else. The ground station technology is passive and modular. This latter factor allows smaller systems to be built and expanded to meet larger loads. In the case of microwave power, the growth can be accomplished by either increasing the area of the receiver or, up to the environmental limit, increasing the power density of the beam. A requirement for the successful demonstration and initial use of SPS power is a remote location which has a reasonable organizational structure and is familiar with technology. The author in 1988, Leonard, 1988a, proposed working with mission hospitals located in Africa. Singh, 1991, points out that the regional health and administrative centers in Kenya are also good candidates for the potential application of solar electric systems because of the difficulties of providing fuel to these remote locations. Another possibility would be the headquarters of a game preserve. Growth of the Market Singh, 1991, reports on the work done by Milanesi with respect to the tradeoff between extending the grid from a central power plant and using stand alone diesel generators. Table 5 summarizes those results. Given this table and the above discussion
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