vicinity of the rectenna would be highly visible on radar (especially since flight would have to be at reasonably high altitudes), permitting interception by military aircraft or tracking until it lands, deterring all but the most fanatical of terrorists. The possibility of drones or rockets being used to deploy the chaff remains open, but is most unlikely because of the limited effectiveness of the chaff threat. C.4.3 EW and SPS Self-Protection Electronic warfare systems and techniques may constitute part of a mix of systems and techniques required for SPS self-protection against attack. EW could be used to detect and counter those hostile system elements which require the transmission and/or reception of electromagnetic radiation to accomplish their functions. Search/detection, acquisition, tracking, homing, navigation, communication, control, fusing, etc., are all examples of functions which are sometimes accomplished by electromagnetic means. Threat detection and recognition is a prerequisite for an effective response. Warning receivers, analyzers and direction-finding systems will constitute the EW complement to other threat detection techniques which may be available. Following threat detection, ECM techniques may be directed against hostile systems to prevent the detection or processing of required electromagnetic signals. ECM might also be appropriate for introducing false or deceptive signals into hostile systems. In some instances, antiradiation missiles (ARMs) may be launched to home on and destroy threats which are characterized by signal transmissions. In many instances, EW in combination with non-EW techniques may be required to effectively defeat threats to the SPS. For example, an EW warning system might detect signals associated with the launch of a nonradiating weapon, and a spray of high velocity pellets might be deployed to destroy the weapon. It is probably premature at this time to speculate on the nature of an SPS self-protection concept. However, it is almost certain that any concept adopted will feature a high degree of integration and automation even if a manned SPS satellite concept is employed.
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