B. Solar Energy Collection, Conversion, and Power Distribution 1. Energy Collection and Conversion The energy col 1ection/conversion system for the SPS has the function of collecting the dispersed solar energy in sufficient quantities for conversion to electrical energy. This electrical energy is then delivered to the power transmission system for beaming to ground-based receiving stations as microwave radiation. Several major trade studies have been performed on a variety of energy collection/conversion systems to determine the most favorable to the SPS concept. As part of these studies, photovoltaic systems, thermal conversion systems, space nuclear power plants and orbiting solar reflector systems were included. Both NASA JSC and NASA MSFC performed in-house studies (ref. 2,3) on various systems during 1974-1976. During the same period and for the next few years, each center contracted with aerospace companies to perform independent system definition studies. This section summarizes certain of these studies concerning energy collection/conversion systems that have led to the reference system. The MSFC in-house studies were conducted primarily to obtain a quantitative understanding of the advantages and disadvantages of various schemes rather than to eliminate options. The tradeoffs were performed to minimize mass and costs. The MSFC-Boeing study (ref. 5) evaluated and identified production rates, launch frequencies, facilities, etc., so that electric power cost could be estimated. Satellite size, mass and life cycle cost were established within the limitations of the contract. The JSC in-house study emphasized analysis of the photovoltaic concept and investigated sensitivity of systems to mass, performance, and transportation cost. Also, a thorough review of past system studies involving several thermal energy conversion concepts was accomplished. Most recently, the JSC-Boeing and the MSFC-Rockwell studies both performed a comparative analysis of a variety of systems with the objective of identifying feasible systems. The systems investigated are discussed briefly as follows.
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