Mutagenesis: Alterations in the genes that result in a mutation. Neoplasm: Any new abnormal growth. The term "neoplastic disease" refers to the occurrence of either malignant or benign tumors. Photon: In the quantum theory of light, light consists of tiny bundles of energy. Each bundle is a photon. Quality factor (Q): The 1 inear-energy-transfer-dependent factor by which absorbed doses are multiplied to obtain (for radiation protection purposes) a quantity that expresses—on a common scale for all ionizing radiations—the effectiveness of the absorbed dose. Rad: The standard unit of absorbed dose, equal to energy absorption of 100 ergs per gram or 0.01 Joules per kilogram; supercedes the roentgen as the unit of dosage. One mrad is 0.001 rad. ICRU currently recommends use of the gray (Gy) as the measure of absorbed dose; 1 Gy is equal to 100 rad. Radiosensitivity: Relative susceptability of cells, tissues, organs, organisms of any living substance to the injurious action of radiation. Radiosensitivity and its antonym radioresistance are currently used in a comparative rather than an absolute sense. Relative Bio- The RBE is a factor used to compare the biological logical effectiveness of absorbed radiation doses (i.e.. Effectiveness rads) due to different types of ionizing radiation; (RBE): more specifically, it is the experimentally determined ratio of an absorbed dose of a radiation in question to the absorbed dose of a reference radiation required to produce an identical biological effect in a particular experimental organism or tissues. The RBE is the ratio of rem to rad. (If 1 rad of fast neutrons equalled in lethality 3.2 rads of KVP x-rays, the RBE of the fast neutrons would be 3.2). Rem: A special unit of dose equivalent. The dose equivalent in rem is numerically equal to the absorbed dose in rad multiplied by the quality factor, Q, and any other necessary modifying factors. The rem represents that quantity of radiation that is equvalent—in biological damage of a specified sort—to 1 rad of 250 KVP x-rays.
RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTU5NjU0Mg==