JPL Large Active Retrodirective Arrays for Space Applications -

Cover	1
Title Page	3
Contract Number	4
Preface	5
Contents	6
I. Introduction	9
A. Definition and Principles	9
B. Applications	10
Solar Power Satellite	10
Communication Satellites	11
Deep Space Probes	12
Deep Space Ground Receivers	13
II. ARA Design Problems and Solutions	13
A. Phase Reference Distribution	13
B. Phase Conjugation Circuits	16
C. Pointing Errors in ARA’s	21
a) Doppler Errors	21
b) Aberration Error	25
c) Propagation Medium Effects	26
d) Effect of Transmission Line Mismatches	26
e) Multipath Effects	28
III. Experimental Results	29
IV. Conclusion	32
Acknowledgments	33
References	34
Appendices	51
Appendix A Doppler Effects in Active Retrodirectie Arrays	51
Appendix B Aberation Error	59
Appendix C Upper Bound for []	63
Tables	36
Table 1: Phase Table For Figure 9	36
Figures	37
Fig. 1. Active retrodirective array	37
Fig. 2. Central phasing	38
Fig. 3.Tree structure for centrally phased ARA	39
Fig. 4. Simple phase conjugating circuit	39
Fig. 5. Exact PCC: servoed Acj) type	40
Fig. 6. Exact PCC: Phase locked loop type	40
Fig. 7. Phase reference regenerators (PRRs) for PCC of Figure 6	41
Fig. 8. ARA receivers	42
Fig. 9. Two-tone PCC and PRR	43
Fig. 10. Doppler pointing error	44
Fig. 11. Aberration pointing error	45
Fig. 12. ARA breadboard	46
Fig. 13. Antenna range set-up	47
ig. 14. Retrodirective array pattern	48
Fig. 15. ARA breadboard: effect on line length changes	49

RkJQdWJsaXNoZXIy MTU5NjU0Mg==