TABLE OF CONTENTS Page Acknowledgements iii Foreward iv Glossary of Abbreviations and Acronyms xi 1 .0 INTRODUCTION AND CONCLUSIONS 1-1 1.1 Background and Motivation for this Study 1-1 1.2 Scenarios for SPS Programs 1-2 1.3 Assumptions 1-5 1.4 Methods of Approach 1-8 1.5 Conclusions 1-11 2 .0 SYSTEMS DEFINITIONS 2-1 2.1 Transportation 2-1 2.2 Low Earth Orbit Base 2-5 2.3 Geosynchronous Earth Orbit Base 2-7 2.4 Power Satellites 2-8 2.5 Rectenna 2 2-12 2.6 Command and Control (C ) System 2-13 2.7 Communications System 2-18 2.8 References 2-19 3 .0 THREAT ANALYSIS 3-1 3.1 Methodology 3-1 3.2 Potential Uses of the Reference Design Satellite 3-2 3.2.1 Force Delivery 3 3-4 3.2.2 Command, Control, Communications and Intelligence (C I) 3-10 3.2.3 Military Support 3-13 3.3 Institutional Threats 3-16 3.4 Credibility of Threats 3-17 3.5 Threat/Safeguard Matrix 3-19 3.6 Summary 3-20 3.7 References and Notes 3-21 4 .0 VULNERABILITY ANALYSIS 4-1 4.1 Methodology 4-1 4.2 Generic Types of Assaults 4-2 4.3 Scenarios for Assaults Against SPS 4-5 4.4 Technological Vulnerabilities 4-6 4.4.1 Physical Contact 4-7 4.4.2 Standoff Weapons 4-9 4.4.3 Electronic Warfare 4-12 4.4.4 Chaff Deployment 4-14 4.5 Vulnerabilities of Specific SPS Elements 4-15 4.5.1 The Transportation Systems 4-15 4.5.2 The LEO Base 4-16 4.5.3 The GEO Base 4-16
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